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CompTIA CAS-005 Glossary: Governance and Controls Terms

CompTIA CAS-005 glossary of governance, controls, zero trust, and detection terms.

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Use this glossary when CompTIA SecurityX (CAS-005) terms start to blur together. The goal is practical recognition, not encyclopedia coverage.

Core terms

Term Exam meaning
Zero trust Security model that continuously verifies identity, device, context, and least privilege.
Risk appetite Amount and type of risk an organization is willing to accept.
Threat model Structured analysis of possible threats, assets, and mitigations.
Key lifecycle Creation, use, rotation, escrow, revocation, and destruction of cryptographic keys.
Control validation Evidence-based testing that a security control works as intended.
Third-party risk Risk introduced by vendors, suppliers, partners, or external service providers.

Confusion pairs

Pair How to separate them
Enterprise security architecture vs Security operations and engineering Ask which layer the scenario is testing, then match the answer to that layer only.
Control vs evidence A control changes behavior; evidence proves behavior or supports investigation.
Managed service vs custom build Managed services win for lower operational effort unless the requirement needs unsupported customization.
Prevention vs detection Prevention blocks or reduces a bad event; detection finds or reports that it happened.

How to study terms

Do not memorize terms in isolation. For each term, write one scenario where it is the best answer, one scenario where it is a distractor, and one signal that proves it worked.

Revised on Sunday, May 10, 2026